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IMM-FMUL researchers pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to Parkinson’s disease

By etavares On 30 April, 2014 FMUL News | 2014 Comments Off on IMM-FMUL researchers pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to Parkinson’s disease No tags

A research group has studied the activity of a gene associated with Parkinson’s disease, paving the way for the development of new therapeutic strategies both for Parkinson’s disease and cancer.

TiagoOuteiro

This study, which was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), led by Tiago Outeiro, and by other researchers in Germany and in the United Kingdom, has revealed that Parkinson’s may have a genetic cause – evidence has pointed to environmental causes until recently – thus bringing new hope for its treatment.

“We have tried to study one of the genes associated with Parkinson’s disease, namely that which encodes the DJ-1 protein. This gene is also associated with cancer because the protein function is believed to be related to oxidative stress response,” said Tiago Outeiro to Lusa, the Portuguese News Agency.

This means that once the function of the defective gene is identified, it will hopefully be easier to find out “where things went wrong.” The DJ-1 protein is a particularly interesting example as this gene is what triggers various forms of Parkinson’s but is also linked to cancer, Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative disorders, which suggests that it plays an important role in the protection against ageing effects.
As the study of human proteins “is complex”, simpler models have been used to study the function of this protein and discover what causes such diseases.

“With that in mind, we used yeast, an organism with cells like those of other organisms, humans included. We drew on the similarity between yeast and human cells and studied the gene [DJ-1], in yeast, which has four proteins – HSP 31, HSP 32, HSP 33, and HSP 34. We studied what they do in the cell and how they respond,” he said.

The research team realised that, in yeasts, DJ-1 deletion from the genome affects various mechanisms of cell protection and ultimately yeast survival.

Outeiro believes that the “innovation” of this research lies in the fact that “these proteins are involved in the regulation of a TORC pathway, which is highly important as it regulates many cellular functions including autophagy – protein degradation for recycling in cells.”

It was thus possible to understand where the DJ-1 of yeast acts: it modulates the TORC protein that regulates the ageing process, achieving a balance between protein formation and destruction, which points to the fact that this molecule may be the key to Parkinson’s disease.

“While regulating this TORC pathway, [HSP proteins] regulate many processes within the cells. If we understand this we will be able to understand where to act so as to prevent or promote processes within cells,” Outeiro added.

The novelty of this research is “the use of yeast to study the process of Parkinson’s disease, the function of these proteins and of the DJ-1 gene,” he said.

In Outeiro’s view, this discovery opens up new doors: “if we find out how these proteins act we will be able to develop therapeutic strategies to manage the disease.”

A pioneer study recently undertaken in Portugal by the Portuguese Movement Disorder Society has revealed that there are nearly 13,000 people suffering from Parkinson’s disease, the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease.

It is estimated that there are around 12 million people worldwide suffering from Parkinson’s disease, “and this number is likely to increase as the world’s population is ageing,” Outeiro added.

This study will be published in the scientific journal PNAS.

Source: Lusa/The Sol newspaper

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Index – News # 41 | abr/may 2014
 Waiting for Summer
 Approval of the Statutes of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon
 IMM-FMUL researchers pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to Parkinson’s disease
 Diana Gaspar, IMM-FMUL researcher, awarded research grant by Associação Laço
 Professor Rui Tato Marinho elected Member of General Assembly of United European Gastroenterology
 Professor F.J. Pinto was awarded the Czech Society of Cardiology Professor Libensky Gold Medal
 The FMUL CDI-Library
 The Newsletter Editorial Team interviewed Professor António Vaz Carneiro,Chief Librarian of the FMUL
 FMUL welcomes over one hundred secondary school students
 A FMUL na edição da FUTURÁLIA 2014
 Conference HIV-2: the forgotten AIDS virus
 Presentation Session of the Nutrition and Oncology Project
 World Voice Day celebrated with lecture on head and neck cancer
 Prémio Ensino Professor Francisco Pulido Valente 2014
 Tomada de Posse dos Membros Discentes do Conselho de Escola e do Conselho Pedagógico da FMUL
 Sarau Cultural AEFML – Comemorações do Centenário
 Publicações Recentes do Serviço de Cardiologia em Revistas Científicas
 FMUL Launching of the Portuguese Branch of the Cochrane Collaboration
 In search of opuntias
 Blood Collection Campaign and Bone Marrow Donor Registry
 GAPIC/FMUL Project funded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation
 Scientific Publications – FMUL / HSM / IMM (February-April 2014)
 Science and Health Research
 Master’s Degrees of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon
 Professor Rui Tato Marinho, co-author of a clinical trial published in NEJM
 Efemérides | Saúde
 34º Ciclo de Conferências de Infecciologia | Maio
 IV Congresso Soc. Port. de Psicossomática: “Tratar o futuro – Um lugar para a saúde” | 30 e 31 Maio
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100 AnosPropriedade e Edição: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa NIPC: 502662875  Periodicidade: Mensal  Diretor: Prof. Doutor Fausto J. Pinto Conselho Editorial: Prof. Doutor Fausto J. Pinto, Profª. Doutora Ana Sebastião, Prof. Doutor Mamede de Carvalho, Prof. Doutor António Vaz Carneiro, Prof. Doutor Miguel Castanho, Dr. Luís Pereira  Equipa Editorial:  Ana Raquel Moreira, Cristina Bastos, Isabel Varela, Joana Sousa, Maria de Lurdes Barata, Rui Gomes, Sónia Teixeira  Colaboração:  Gabinete de Relações Públicas, Internacionais e Comunicação  Versão Inglesa: AP|PORTUGAL- Language Services  Conceção: Metatexto, Lda. e-mail: news@medicina.ulisboa.pt  Sede do Editor e Sede da Redação: Avenida Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa Estatuto Editorial Anotado na ERC 

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